In Avi Y. Decter and Melissa Martens, eds., Enterprising Emporiums: The Jewish Department Stores of Downtown Baltimore (The Jewish Museum of Maryland, 2003)
This essay looks at black-Jewish relations in early 20th century Baltimore through the lens of racial practices carried out in the city’s department stores, most of them owned and operated by Jewish families. Discrimination in these stores—such as a no-returns policy for African-American clothing customers—made them institutions of racial marking, as well as sites of anti-racist protest.